Já faz um tempinho, mas vale registrar a participação de dois representantes da Academia de Letras de Lorena no programa Globo Rural: Conceição Molinaro e Diego Amaro (também presidente do IEV – Instituto de Estudos Valeparaibanos).
A reportagem fala sobre a história cultural da região Serra da Mantiqueira. Conceição Molinaro, escritora consagrada, também fala sobre Monteiro Lobato.
Para quem não assistiu à reportagem do Globo Rural, vale dar uma espiada. Segue o link: http://g1.globo.com/economia/agronegocios/noticia/2015/10/serra-da-mantiqueira-tem-um-territorio-rico-em-recursos-naturais-e-cultura.html
Sobre a Serra da Mantiqueira
A Serra da Mantiqueira é uma cadeia montanhosa que se estende por três estados do Brasil: São Paulo, Minas Gerais e Rio de Janeiro.
A serra tem uma formação geológica que compreende um maciço rochoso que possui grande área de terras altas, entre mil e quase três mil metros de altitude, ao longo das divisas dos estados de Minas Gerais, São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro. Na Serra da Mantiqueira, existem diversas unidades de conservação, como a área de proteção ambiental Serra da Mantiqueira, dividida entre os três estados; o Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, dividido entre Minas e Rio; e os Parques Estaduais Serra do Brigadeiro e Serra do Papagaio (Minas) e Campos do Jordão (São Paulo).
Dez por cento da serra localiza-se em terras fluminenses; trinta por cento no estado de São Paulo e os demais 60% estão localizados no estado de Minas Gerais, que possui a sua maior porção – provém da região onde está o município de Barbacena e de lá inclina-se para o sudoeste, até se encontrar com as fronteiras com o Rio de Janeiro e, logo após, com São Paulo, onde torna-se uma fronteira natural com o estado de Minas Gerais, até as mediações finais de Joanópolis (São Paulo) e Extrema (Minas Gerais) e, por fim, esta termina na cidade de Bragança Paulista.
A capital mais próxima da Serra da Mantiqueira é São Paulo, justamente por estar a 90 quilômetros da primeira cidade situada na Serra da Mantiqueira, Bragança Paulista. A segunda é Belo Horizonte, que está situada a 170 quilômetros da primeira cidade onde a Serra da Mantiqueira está situada (Barbacena); e a terceira é o Rio de Janeiro, que se localiza a 198 quilômetros do mais próximo povoado na Serra da Mantiqueira, Visconde de Mauá, distrito do Município de Resende.
Localização e extensão:
O maciço da Serra da Mantiqueira possui aproximadamente 500 km de extensão e se inicia próximo à cidade paulista de Bragança Paulista e segue para o leste, delineando as divisas dos três estados brasileiros até a região do Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, onde adentra Minas Gerais, até a cidade de Barbacena. A partir daí, uma continuação pode ser considerada, pois a mesma desvia para o norte até a Serra do Brigadeiro, no leste de Minas Gerais, chegando a aproximar-se do Parque Nacional do Caparaó.
Seu ponto culminante é a Pedra da Mina, com 2.798m na divisa dos estados de Minas Gerais e São Paulo; e seu ponto de transposição mais baixa é a Garganta do Embaú, por onde passaram os bandeirantes durante suas incursões ao interior de Minas Gerais.
Altitudes:
A região da Serra da Mantiqueira tem altitudes média de 1200 a 2800 metros. A serra é popular pela prática de alpinismo por ter picos elevados, e o rally.
Picos mais altos da Mantiqueira:
Pedra da Mina: 2.798,39 metros
Pico das Agulhas Negras: 2.792,66 metros
Morro do Couto: 2.680 metros
Pedra do Sino de Itatiaia: 2.670 metros
Pico dos Três Estados: 2.666 metros
Pedra do Altar: 2.665 metros
Pico do Maromba: 2.619 metros
Morro do Massena: 2.609 metros
Pedra Furada: 2.589 metros
Pico das Prateleiras: 2.548 metros
Pico Dois Irmãos: 2.500 metros
Pico dos Marins: 2.420,7 metros
Pico Cabeça do Leão: 2.408 metros
Alto Campim Amarelo: 2.352 metros
Pico do Itaguaré: 2.308 metros
Pedra do Picu: 2.151 metros
Pico do Selado: 2.080 metros
Pedra de São Domingos: 2.050 metros
Pedra do Campestre: 2050 metros
Pedra Partida: 2.046 metros
Pico do Itapeva: 2.030 metros
Pedra do Baú: 1.950 metros
Localidades mais elevadas da Mantiqueira:
Campos do Jordão: 1.650 metros
Monte Verde: 1.555,5 metros
Morangal: 1.515 metros
Senador Amaral: 1.505 metros
Bom Repouso: 1.360 metros
Gonçalves: 1.350 metros
Virgínia: 1.290 metros
Marmelópolis 1.277 metros
Maria da Fé: 1.258 metros
Bom Jardim de Minas: 1.250 metros
Munhoz: 1.235 metros
Bocaina de Minas: 1.210 metros
Bueno Brandão: 1.204 metros
Delfim Moreira: 1.200 metros
Andradas: 1.200 metros
Visconde de Mauá 1.200 metros
Poços de Caldas: 1.198 metros
Barbacena: 1.164 metros
Liberdade: 1.152 metros
Ipuiuna: 1.150 metros
Alagoa: 1.132 metros
Toledo: 1.128 metros
Pedra Bela: 1.120 metros
Santa Rita de Caldas: 1.095 metros
Carvalhos: 1.092 metros
Santo Antônio do Pinhal: 1.080 metros
Conceição das Pedras: 1.050 metros
Arantina: 1.050 metros
Tocos do Moji: 1.027 metros
Cristina: 1.025 metros
Camanducaia: 1.015 metros
Cruzília: 1.010 metros
Wenceslau Braz: 1.005 metros
São Vicente de Minas: 1.000 metros
Sapucai Mirim: 950 metros
Clima:
Devido à altitude, o inverno na Serra da Mantiqueira tem temperaturas baixas, com a ocorrência da névoa no começo da manhã e geada frequentes, dando à paisagem a aparência das regiões de clima frio. É comum os termômetro registrarem temperaturas chegando perto de 0°C ou menos, sendo que a menor temperatura registrada numa cidade da serra foi de -7,3°C, em Campos do Jordão – SP , em 1º de junho de 1979.
Nos picos mais elevados da serra, o frio pode ser mais intenso e as temperaturas podem ser negativas. Há registros de precipitações de neve em picos.
Fontes:
http://www.serradamantiqueira.com/p/serra-da-mantiqueira.html
http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serra_da_Mantiqueira
A Academia de Letras de Lorena foi fundada em 21 de março de 2009 e a posse dos membros ocorreu em 16 de agosto daquele ano, data que é comemorada como seu aniversário. Possui como patrono Euclydes da Cunha, por ter vivido em Lorena e aqui iniciado a educação de seus filhos e corrigido os originais de sua obra maior, “Os Sertões”. São 30 acadêmicos distribuídos em cadeiras que possuem, cada uma, um patrono ou patronesse. Realiza reuniões mensais abertas ao público, trazendo sempre uma apresentação cultural para completar a reunião literária. Nessas reuniões, o público é convidado a declamar e a ler poemas e outras obras de sua autoria ou de outros autores.
Foi declarada de Utilidade Pública Municipal pela Lei Ordinária 3.599, de 23/5/2013.
Enlarge this imageMaamoul, a shortbread cookie full of date paste or chopped walnuts or pistachios and dusted with powdered sugar, will be the best reward after a month of fasting in the course of Ramadan and Lent. These cookies are waiting around being baked.Amy E. Robertson for NPRhide captiontoggle captionAmy E. Robertson for NPRMaamoul, a shortbread cookie filled with day paste or chopped walnuts or pistachios and dusted with powdered sugar, will be the ideal reward after a month of fasting in the course of Ramadan and Lent. These cookies are ready for being baked.Amy E. Robertson for NPRBe it Easter or Eid, holiday seasons while in the Levantine region with the Center East are incomplete without a shortbread cookie known as maamoul. Filled with date paste or chopped walnuts or pistachios, and dusted with powdered sugar, these buttery cookies are the fantastic reward following a thirty day period of fasting all through Ramadan or Lent. The dough is created with wheat flour or semolina (or simply a combination of the 2), then pre sed into distinctive molds, usually carved in wood. Along with the fillings are fragrant with rosewater or orange blo som. Enlarge this imageTraditionally carved wood molds are used to give condition and type into the maamoul cookies.Amy E. Robertson for NPRhide captiontoggle captionAmy E. Robertson for NPRTraditionally carved wood molds are used to give condition and kind into the maamoul cookies.Amy E. Robertson for NPRIn the months major around Easter, the Beirut sweet store Helwayat Al-Salam becomes a veritable manufacturing facility of maamoul. Owner Mitri Hanna Mou sa dips pitted dates into rosewater, then pa ses them through a meat grinder for making a paste. Mitri's mother, Samira, a small, more mature female with wrinkled arms but flawle sly manicured nails, sits in a makeshift table sorting pistachios. She tends to make positive that neither a speck of shell nor an individual shriveled pistachio tends to make its way into their renowned cookies. Once all ingredients are prepared, Mitri and his a sistant pinch off balls from their mountain of semolina dough. They condition the dough balls into smaller cups which they things with po sibly date paste, pistachios or walnuts. Then, Samira pre ses each Glen Perkins Jersey individual stuffed dough ball into an antique picket mold, which she thwacks towards a picket stump to to s out a superbly shaped cookie, ready to become baked. In a i sue of minutes, the a few of them put together dozens a lot more. "I also make maamoul from the wintertime, but it's a must for Easter" suggests Mitri. Inside a nation where numerous Christians give up dairy, sugar and meat for the duration of Lent, the 40-day duration of penitence, the magnificent cookies really are a welcome reward at Easter. Enlarge this imageOwner of Helwayat Al-Salam, Mitri Hanna Mou sa. Mitri's spouse and children continues to be producing maamoul for decades even right before that they had an oven to bake them in.Amy E.Robertson for NPRhide captiontoggle captionAmy E.Robertson for NPROwner of Helwayat Al-Salam, Mitri Hanna Mou sa. Mitri's loved ones has been creating maamoul for decades even before they had an oven to bake them in.Amy E.Robertson for NPRMitri suggests his father Hanna opened his sweet shop in 1949, on a chaotic corner in Achrafieh, a predominantly Christian quarter in Beirut. Again then, they failed to even po se s an oven. And so the loved ones would get ready the sweets inside their store and wander them over on the community baker for baking."My father bought our oven in 1973 or 1974, and it was currently second-hand," Mitri suggests. Like the ramshackle setting up in which Helwayat Al-Salam is housed, the oven bears the scars of Lebanon's civil war, which raged from 1975 to 1990. Mitri details to pock marks on his oven door. "That is from shrapnel," he states. "There have been bombs even suitable on this exact road." The household experienced taken refuge in a bomb shelter, but whenever they returned for the shop, gla s was everywhere. "We cleaned up and we continued, since it was Easter, which is extremely specific for us." Mitri would make his maamoul with two styles of semolina, and provides the two rosewater and orange blo som to his walnut and pistachio fillings. He unleashes a blizzard of powdered sugar onto the nut-filled cookies in advance of serving, but by no means about the date, "because it's now sweet." Enlarge this imageSawsan Abu Farha, a Palestinian-Jordanian food blogger often called "Chef in Disguise," will make many versions of maamoul, commonly for being served throughout Eid with Arabic espre so and chocolate.Courtesy of Sawsan Abu Farhahide captiontoggle captionCourtesy of Sawsan Abu FarhaSawsan Abu Farha, a Palestinian-Jordanian food items blogger often known as "Chef in Disguise," helps make various variations of maamoul, generally to get served in the course of Eid with Arabic espre so and chocolate.Courtesy of Sawsan Abu FarhaPalestinian-Jordanian food items blogger Sawsan Abu Farha, improved called "Chef in Disguise," would make many versions of maamoul, some with equally semolina and wheat flour within the crust, some others with wheat flour alone. She provides mastic, a sun-dried resin from trees, and mahlab, a spice manufactured from your internal kernels of cherry pits, to her dough. "Maamoul is often made a couple of days in advance of Eid, then saved to get served with Arabic espre so and chocolate on the company who appear through the holiday getaway," suggests Sawsan, who now lives from the United Arab Emirates. "Plates packed with it are also exchanged as gifts involving neighbors and kinfolk." Just as Easter follows Lent, Eid-al-Fitr is celebrated right after Ramadan, the Muslim month of fasting. Eid lasts three times, and according to Sawsan, "Any dwelling you go into during Eid has maamoul. It does not i sue if it is do-it-yourself or shop acquired, it just should be there. Of course, the women of the household get exce s points if it is selfmade and there's the annually competitors of who makes the top maamoul within the spouse and children. Recipes are exchanged, cookies are critiqued, it truly is all aspect on the Eid enjoyable." Sawsan reminisces fondly about generating maamoul with close friends and household when she was developing up. She remembers the "heavenly" smells of spices and roasted nuts plus the entertaining of those people gatherings. "On the working day of creating maamoul, everyone is divided into teams," she states. "Some divide the dough into balls, other folks stuff them, a third crew is accountable for pre sing them into your molds, and when it is summer months, Erick Aybar Jersey the unfortunate team is accountable for baking. They devote several hours in front of the recent oven. But given that everyone seems to be in these kinds of a fantastic temper, chatting, telling stories, and sneaking a taste on the maamoul scorching out of the oven, no-one minds." Maamoul, as it's identified as in Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Israel and Palestine, goes by kombe in southern Turkey, and as kahk in Egypt. Kahk appears to be the indeniable ancestor of maamoul, as it is depicted in temple paintings and carvings courting on the Pharaonic period. "Even now, we pile kahk precisely the same way, similar to a pyramid," states Ahmed Hameed, a tour guidebook and Egyptologist in Cairo. Like maamoul in other international locations, kahk in Egypt is regular for both Easter and Eid. But moreover to nut fillings https://www.twinsedge.com/minnesota-twins/bert-blyleven-jersey , Egyptians even have versions full of agameya (a honey-walnut concoction) and loukoum (Turkish delight). How these cookies came to get linked with Easter and Eid is a lot le s particular. "Some say the cookies are meant to remind you that even though fasting is difficult, in it is a sweet reward, accurately like maamoul's outer shell is bland though the core is good," claims Sawsan. Enlarge this imageThese cookies originated in historic Egypt, in which it really is called kahk. Not a soul is familiar with how they turned related with Easter and Eid. Some say these are intended to remind people today that at the conclusion of the fasting interval, there is a sweet reward, suggests Sawsan.Amy E. Robertson for NPRhide captiontoggle captionAmy E. Robertson for NPRThese cookies originated in historic Egypt, where it is known as kahk. Not a soul is familiar with how they grew to become involved with Easter and Eid. Some say they're meant to remind people today that at the end of the fasting period, there exists a sweet reward, claims Sawsan.Amy E. Robertson for NPRThe Jewish group within the area also loves maamoul. They take in it through Purim, a holiday that commemorates the salvation with the Jewish men and women in ancient Persia. It truly is stated that as Queen Esther, heroine with the Purim tale, was pre sured to cover her Jewish origin, "so the dainty pastry hides the prosperous nut filling within." Just about every baker has his or her solution for building the most beneficial maamoul. For Sawsan, "the secret to the fantastic maamoul can be a great recipe, that has a fragile harmony involving the elements to obtain a cookie than melts in your mouth neverthele s holds its condition without crumbling. It goes without expre sing that making use of substantial high quality dates or nuts is actually a need to mainly because they are definitely the star of your present in maamoul." When requested for his baking secrets and techniques, Mitri laughs. "You'll learn any time you try it!" he states. He is not ready to expose his recipe, but does have this bit of baking information: "The real mystery is that you get it done with appreciate. It really is in the way you get it done, how you operate the dough, how you bake the cookie. You are doing it with really like."Amy E. Robertson is actually a writer at this time situated in Beirut, Lebanon. Stick to her on Twitter.
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